{"id":950,"date":"2018-06-14T00:45:46","date_gmt":"2018-06-14T00:45:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ampac1.com\/blog\/enrichment-of-free-living-amoebae-in-biofilms-developed-at-upper-water-levels-in-drinking-water-storage-towers-an-inter-and-intra-seasonal-study\/"},"modified":"2026-05-03T20:22:10","modified_gmt":"2026-05-04T03:22:10","slug":"enrichment-of-free-living-amoebae-in-biofilms-developed-at-upper-water-levels-in-drinking-water-storage-towers-an-inter-and-intra-seasonal-study","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ampac1.com\/blog\/enrichment-of-free-living-amoebae-in-biofilms-developed-at-upper-water-levels-in-drinking-water-storage-towers-an-inter-and-intra-seasonal-study\/","title":{"rendered":"Enrichment of free-living amoebae in biofilms developed at upper water levels in drinking water storage towers: An inter- and intra-seasonal study"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"answer-box\" style=\"background:#f0f7ff;border-left:4px solid #0066cc;padding:16px 20px;margin:0 0 24px;border-radius:4px\">\n<p><strong>Amoeba Biofilm Drinking Water Storage<\/strong> is a critical aspect of modern water treatment. AMPAC USA provides industry-leading solutions that ensure safe, clean water for residential, commercial, and industrial applications. Our systems are engineered for maximum contaminant removal and long-term reliability.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, sans-serif\"><span style=\"font-size: medium\">Taravaud, Alexandre; Ali, Myriam; Lafosse, Bernard; Nicolas, Valerie; Feliers, Cedric; Thibert, Sylvie; Levi, Yves; Loiseau, Philippe M.; Pomel, Sebastien<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, sans-serif\"><span style=\"font-size: medium\">SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT, 633 157-166;\u00a0<\/span><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.03.178\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\"><span style=\"color: #0021bf\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, sans-serif\"><span style=\"font-size: medium\">10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.03.178<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-size: medium\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, sans-serif\">AUG 15 2018<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"section-title\">Abstract<\/h2>\n<div id=\"as0005\">\n<p id=\"sp0090\">Free-living\u00a0<a title=\"Learn more about amoeba\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/earth-and-planetary-sciences\/amoeba\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">amoebae<\/a>\u00a0(FLA) are ubiquitous organisms present in various natural and artificial environments, such as drinking\u00a0<a title=\"Learn more about water storage\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/earth-and-planetary-sciences\/water-storage\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">water storage<\/a>\u00a0towers (DWST). Some FLA, such as\u00a0<em>Acanthamoeba<\/em>\u00a0sp.,\u00a0<em>Naegleria fowleri<\/em>, and\u00a0<em>Balamuthia mandrillaris<\/em>, can cause severe infections at ocular or cerebral level in addition to being potential reservoirs of other\u00a0<a title=\"Learn more about pathogen\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/earth-and-planetary-sciences\/pathogen\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">pathogens<\/a>. In this work, the abundance and diversity of FLA was evaluated in two sampling campaigns: one performed over five seasons in three DWST at three different levels (surface, middle and bottom) in water and\u00a0<a title=\"Learn more about biofilms\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/earth-and-planetary-sciences\/biofilms\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">biofilm<\/a>\u00a0using\u00a0<a title=\"Learn more about microscopy\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/earth-and-planetary-sciences\/microscopy\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">microscopy<\/a>\u00a0and PCR, and one based on the kinetics analysis in\u00a0phase contrast\u00a0and confocal microscopy of biofilm samples collected every two weeks during a 3-month period at the surface and at the bottom of a DWST. In the seasonal study, the FLA were detected in each DWST water in densities of ~20 to 25\u00a0amoebae\u00a0L<sup>?1<\/sup>. A\u00a0<a title=\"Learn more about seasonal variation\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/earth-and-planetary-sciences\/seasonal-variation\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">seasonal variation<\/a>\u00a0of amoeba distribution was observed in water samples, with maximal densities in summer at ~30\u00a0amoebae\u00a0L<sup>?1<\/sup>\u00a0and minimal densities in winter at ~16\u00a0amoebae\u00a0L<sup>?1<\/sup>. The FLA belonging to the genus\u00a0<em>Acanthamoeba<\/em>\u00a0were detected in two spring sampling campaigns, suggesting a possible seasonal appearance of this potentially pathogenic amoeba. Interestingly, a 1 log increase of amoebae density was observed in biofilm samples collected at the surface of all DWST compared to the middle and the bottom where FLA were at 0.1\u20130.2\u00a0amoebae\/cm<sup>2<\/sup>. In the kinetics study, an increase of amoebae density, total cell density, and biofilm thickness was observed as a function of time at the surface of the DWST, but not at the bottom. To our knowledge, this study describes for the first time a marked higher FLA density in biofilms collected at upper water levels in DWST, constituting a potential source of pathogenic\u00a0micro-organisms.<\/p>\n<p>https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0048969718309379?via%3Dihub<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>The post Enrichment of free-living amoebae in biofilms developed at upper water levels in drinking water storage towers: An inter- and intra-seasonal study appeared first on Facts About Water.<\/p>\n<p>Source: Water Feed<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Free-living\u00a0amoebae\u00a0(FLA) are ubiquitous organisms present in various natural and artificial environments, such as drinking\u00a0water storage\u00a0towers (DWST).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":87970,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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