{"id":1442,"date":"2020-12-14T01:40:26","date_gmt":"2020-12-14T01:40:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ampac1.com\/blog\/tracking-reduction-of-water-lead-levels-in-two-homes-during-the-flint-federal-emergency\/"},"modified":"2026-09-02T11:43:34","modified_gmt":"2026-09-02T18:43:34","slug":"tracking-reduction-of-water-lead-levels-in-two-homes-during-the-flint-federal-emergency","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ampac1.com\/blog\/tracking-reduction-of-water-lead-levels-in-two-homes-during-the-flint-federal-emergency\/","title":{"rendered":"Tracking reduction of water lead levels in two homes during the Flint Federal Emergency."},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Quick Answer:<\/strong> Remember the Flint, Michigan water crisis? Studies that tracked lead reduction in homes there during the 2016 federal emergency found that a few key actions really made a difference. They started using orthophosphate again for corrosion control, handed out NSF-certified <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ampac1.com\/products\/residential-reverse-osmosis\">point-of-use filters<\/a>, and sped up replacing those old lead service lines. Together, these steps brought water lead levels way down from their crisis peaks (some were over 1,000 ppb!) to levels that met or got close to EPA standards. What happened in Flint shows us a clear path for dealing with lead contamination and investing in our water systems to prevent future problems.<\/p>\n<p><b><span lang=\"EN-USBy:\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span lang=\"EN-USMantha, A.<\/span><\/b><b><span lang=\"EN-US\">;\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span lang=\"EN-USTan<\/span><span lang=\"EN-USg<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\">, M.<\/span><\/b><b><span lang=\"EN-US\">;\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span lang=\"EN-USPieper, K. J.<\/span><\/b><b><span lang=\"EN-US\">; et al.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b><span lang=\"EN-USWater Research X\u00a0\u00a0Volume: ?\u00a07\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Pages: ?\u00a0100047\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Published: ?\u00a02020<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p>Flint, MI, faced a federal emergency on January 16, 2016. This was 18 months after they switched to the Flint River as their water source without adding phosphate for corrosion control. To fix the lead-in-water crisis, they took several steps. They reconnected to the original Lake Huron water source and started adding orthophosphate again. They even boosted corrosion control by adding extra orthophosphate. There was a &#8220;Flush for Flint&#8221; program to help clear out loose leaded sediment from service lines and pipes inside homes. Eventually, they began replacing lead service lines altogether.<\/p>\n<p>The United States Environmental Protection Agency and Virginia Tech did independent sampling for 37 months, from January 2016 to February 2019. They wanted to see how much lead people were exposed to by testing water from cold kitchen taps at normal flow (about 2-3 liters per minute). They also checked for loose deposits from service lines and home plumbing using high-velocity flushing (about 12-13 liters per minute) from hose bibs. The results showed that high lead levels stuck around for over a year in two Flint homes. Why? Because there was a big buildup of lead deposits. These loose lead deposits kept causing problems until those homes had their lead service lines completely removed. As more places across the country try to save water, we&#8217;re likely to see more issues with these &#8220;mobile lead reservoirs&#8221; in service lines, which is a real health risk. All rights reserved, Elsevier.<\/p>\n<p>The post Tracking reduction of water lead levels in two homes during the Flint Federal Emergency. appeared first on Facts About Water.<\/p>\n<p>Source: Water Feed<\/p>\n<h2>Related Articles<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ampac1.com\/blog\/developing-a-framework-for-classifying-water-lead-levels-at-private-drinking-water-systems-a-bayesian-belief-network-approach\/\">Developing a framework for classifying water lead levels at private drinking water systems: A Bayesian Belief Network approach<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ampac1.com\/blog\/lead-removal-filter-a-crucial-step-toward-safe-clean-drinking-water\/\">Lead Removal Filter: A Crucial Step Toward Safe, Clean Drinking Water<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ampac1.com\/blog\/a-national-survey-of-lead-and-other-metalloids-in-residential-drinking-water-in-the-united-states\/\">A national survey of lead and other metal(loids) in residential drinking water in the United States<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ampac1.com\/blog\/recent-us-state-and-federal-drinking-water-guidelines-for-per%e2%80%90-and-polyfluoroalkyl-substances\/\">Recent US State and Federal Drinking Water Guidelines for Per\u2010 and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Frequently Asked Questions<\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What caused the Flint water crisis?<\/h3>\n<p>The Flint water crisis began in 2014 after the city switched its water source to the Flint River without implementing essential orthophosphate corrosion control treatment. This oversight allowed lead from aging service lines and premise plumbing to leach into the drinking water, leading to dangerously high lead levels.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What actions effectively reduced lead in Flint&#8217;s water supply?<\/h3>\n<p>Remedial actions in Flint included reconnecting to the original Lake Huron source water, implementing enhanced orthophosphate corrosion control, distributing NSF-certified point-of-use filters, and accelerating lead service line replacement. These multi-pronged efforts collectively reduced water lead levels from crisis peaks, some exceeding 1,000 ppb, to meet EPA standards.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How were lead levels measured in Flint homes during the emergency?<\/h3>\n<p>Independent sampling by the EPA and Virginia Tech evaluated lead exposure using two methods. Normal flow sampling (~2-3 L\/min) was conducted at the cold kitchen tap, while high-velocity flushing (~12-13 L\/min) from the hose bib assessed loose lead deposits from service lines and premise plumbing.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How long did lead contamination persist in some Flint homes despite remediation efforts?<\/h3>\n<p>In some anomalous Flint homes, high lead in water persisted for more than a year due to a large reservoir of loose lead deposits within the service lines. Lead levels in these specific cases only returned to acceptable levels after the complete removal and replacement of the lead service lines.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What emergency water purification systems does AMPAC USA provide?<\/h3>\n<p>AMPAC USA designs and manufactures a range of emergency water purification systems, from portable units producing 1,500 GPD (gallons per day) to trailer-mounted systems exceeding 50,000 GPD. We also offer military-specification units engineered for robust performance and deployment in challenging environments like forward operating bases.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A Federal Emergency was declared in Flint, MI, on January 16,2016, 18-months after a switch to Flint River source water without phosphate corrosion control<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":87930,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[24,29],"tags":[22],"class_list":["post-1442","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-water-filter","category-water-treatment","tag-ro"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ampac1.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1442","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ampac1.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ampac1.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ampac1.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ampac1.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1442"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.ampac1.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1442\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ampac1.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/87930"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ampac1.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1442"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ampac1.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1442"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ampac1.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1442"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}